GRID COMPUTING
GRID :
- Dynamically linking of resources
- Ensembling
- For execution of large scale, resource intensive, distributive applications
Earlier in 1980-1990s
Parallel computers were focusing on communication between processors, and as a result development took place in the ares Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM), Message Passing Interface(MPI), High Performance Fortran (HPF), OpenMP etc.
GRID can be thought as a tool extending parallel computer paradigms from a cluster to a distributed environment which is loosely coupled.
Grid links resources like
- Storage
- Computation
- Visualization
- Instruments
1990’s- Global Grid Forum (GGF)
Open Grid Services Architecture (OGSA), is an initiative taken by GGF for defining core services for areas:
- System Management and automation
- Workload/Performance
- Security
- Availability/Service Management
- Logical Resource management
- Clustering Service
- Connecting Issues
- Physical Storage Management
Wireless PDA’s Sensors |
Grid Application | Sharing Policies Global Area Networks |
| Middleware tools and services software packages, authentication, file transfer, portals management | ||
| Common Infrastructure National Security Force (NSF Middleware Initiative) NMI, GGF standards, OGSA | ||
| Resources (Storage, Computation, Instruments) |
Building Blocks of GRID :
Network :
Higher Bandwidth (Big Pipes) – Maximal communication, intensive distributive nature
Lower Bandwidth (small Pipes) – High Latency, Low/minimal communication.
Nodes : High performance parallel computers or clusters.
Common Infrastructure : Standards
Application
1) Life science- Bio Informatics, genomics, Neuroscience
2) Engineering: NASA, IPG
3) Data Oriented: GEODISE aircraft engineering design GRID, DAME grid to manage data from aircraft engine sensors
4) Physical science : Particle physics data GRID, INFN(Italian National Institute for Research in Nuclear and sub-nuclear Physics)
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